Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance by Xpert MTB/RIF at the Abidjan Military Hospital, Côte d’Ivoire: A Retrospective Laboratory Study, 2024
W. Kouraogo Benjamin *
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and UFR Sciences Médicales Abidjan, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Akouatia Eric
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and UFR Sciences Médicales Abidjan, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Mobio Nancy
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and UFR Sciences Médicales Abidjan, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Djegbeton Eudoscie
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and UFR Sciences Médicales Abidjan, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouakou Cedric
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Koné Alima
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and UFR Sciences Médicales Abidjan, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Valet Jean
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Ahui Brou
Service de Pneumologie, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire and UFR Sciences Médicales Abidjan, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality, and rapid molecular assays provide information on both the detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance. Objective: To describe Xpert MTB/RIF findings at the Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center of the Abidjan Military Hospital during 2024. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study reviewed 400 eligible laboratory testing records from 1 January to 31 December 2024. Age, sex, specimen type, and Xpert MTB/RIF results were summarised. Results: MTB was detected in 97 of 400 tests (24.25%), and was not detected in 303 (75.75%). The reported mean age was 37.7 years; 64.8% of the tested population was male. Sputum specimens accounted for 361 (90.25%) tests and gastric specimens for 39 (9.75%). Among the 97 MTB-positive tests, rifampicin resistance was detected in nine (9.28%). Conclusion: Approximately one-quarter of Xpert tests in this hospital sample detected MTB, and rifampicin resistance was detected in nine MTB-positive results. These findings describe a selected laboratory population and do not establish multidrug-resistant tuberculosis or community prevalence.
Keywords: Xpert MTB/RIF, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, rifampicin resistance, tuberculosis diagnosis, Côte d’Ivoire, retrospective study